The average DP of Polydextrose, a highly branched, randomly bonded glucose polymer with a range of 2 to 120, is 12. Although the 16 (both and ) linkage predominates, the molecule comprises all conceivable combinations of - and -linked 12, 13, 14, and 16 glycosidic connections. Because of its complex structure, PDX is not hydrolyzed by mammalian digestive enzymes in the small intestine. Instead, it passes intact into the colon, where it is gradually and partially fermented by the endogenous microbiota, with the remaining portion—roughly 60%—being expelled in the stool. Only the SCFA created from Polydextrose incomplete fermentation by the microbiota serves as the host's energy source because Polydextrose is not utilised by the host. As a result, 1 kcal/g of energy is contributed.
Because Polydextrose is highly soluble in water and forms a non-viscous solution, it can be utilised as a low-calorie bulking agent in a variety of foods, including dairy products, functional beverages, baked goods, and confectionery. It also has a neutral flavour and is not sweet. PDX has been the focus of numerous investigations because of its adaptability and utility. In addition to being a great component, it has been given the go-ahead to be used in food in more than 60 nations and is acknowledged as a dietary fibre in more than 20. Daily PDX intake of 4–12 g has been demonstrated to boost physiologic processes without having any negative consequences.
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