The basic structure and function of mechanical seals
Mechanical seal is one of the basic mechanical components with precision and complicated structure. It is a key component of various pumps, reaction synthesis kettles, turbo compressors, submersible motors and other equipment. The mechanical seal is mainly composed of a moving ring, a static ring, a cooling device, a compression spring, a sealing ring, and a fastener. Today, the editor introduces the basic structure of mechanical seals and their functions and requirements.
1. End face seal pair of mechanical seal (static ring, moving ring):
The end face seal pair makes the sealing surface fit tightly to prevent the medium from leaking. It requires the static ring and the moving ring to have good wear resistance. The moving ring can move flexibly in the axial direction and automatically compensate for the wear of the sealing surface to make it fit well with the static ring; the static ring is floating and has a buffering effect. For this reason, the sealing surface is required to have good processing quality to ensure that the sealing pair has a good bonding performance.
2. Elastic components of mechanical seal (spring, bellows, diaphragm):
The elastic element mainly plays the role of pre-tensioning, compensation and buffering. It is required to always maintain sufficient elasticity to overcome the friction of the auxiliary seal and the transmission part and the inertia of the moving ring, so as to ensure the good fit of the end seal pair and the followability of the moving ring. The material requires corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance.
3. Auxiliary seal of mechanical seal (O-ring, V-ring, U-ring, wedge-shaped ring and special-shaped ring):
The auxiliary seal mainly serves as the sealing function of the static ring and the moving ring, and also plays a role of floating and buffering. The sealing element of the static ring is required to ensure the sealing performance between the static ring and the gland and the static ring has a certain degree of floating. The sealing element of the moving ring can ensure the sealing performance between the moving ring and the shaft or sleeve and the sealing performance of the moving ring. Floatability. The material is required to be heat-resistant, cold-resistant and compatible with the medium.
4. The transmission parts of the mechanical seal (transmission pin, transmission ring, transmission seat, transmission key, transmission lug or jaw coupling):
The transmission part transmits the torque of the shaft to the moving ring. The material requires wear and corrosion resistance.
5. Fasteners of mechanical seal (set screw, spring seat, gland, assembly sleeve, shaft sleeve):
Fasteners are the positioning and fastening of static and moving rings. It is required that the axial positioning is correct, and a certain amount of spring compression is ensured, so that the sealing surface of the sealing pair is in the correct position and maintains a good fit. At the same time, it is required to be easy to disassemble and assemble, easy to be in place, and reusable. Where it is fitted with the auxiliary seal, the installation of the seal ring must have a guiding chamfer and a crushing amount. Special attention should be paid to the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the auxiliary seal of the moving ring and the sleeve. Hard surface cladding.
6. Anti-rotation part of mechanical seal (anti-rotation pin):
The anti-rotation part prevents the static ring from rotating and falling out. It is required to have sufficient length to prevent the static ring from falling out under negative pressure, and to be correctly positioned to prevent the static ring from rotating with the moving ring. Corrosion resistance is required on the material, and a tetrafluoroethylene sleeve can be added in the middle when necessary to avoid damaging the carbon graphite static ring.
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