Vaccinations against poliomyelitis are known as Polio Vaccines (polio). Inactivated poliovirus (IPV) is administered intravenously, while weakened poliovirus is administered orally (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) advises that all kids receive the full polio vaccine. The two vaccines have largely eradicated polio, with 33 cases reported annually in 2018 compared to an estimated 350,000 in 1988.
The Polio Vaccines are inactivated and exceedingly secure. At the injection site, there could be slight redness or soreness. Per million doses administered, oral polio vaccinations result in three incidences of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis. This contrasts with 5,000 cases per million who become paralysed after contracting polio. Both vaccine forms are often safe to administer to expectant mothers and to HIV/AIDS patients who are otherwise healthy. The creation of novel oral Polio Vaccines type 2 (nOPV2), which intends to make the vaccine safer and so prevent further outbreaks of circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), a variant of the vaccine virus that has reverted to causing poliomyelitis, has been prompted by the advent of cVDPV.
