Nanoparticles are tiny particles with dimensions that range from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm). They are often described as "building blocks" of materials and substances since they are the basic units that make up larger materials. Due to their small size, they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties that differ from those of bulk materials. Nanoparticles can be found in nature, such as in volcanic ash, and they can also be created intentionally for use in various fields, including medicine, electronics, energy, and environmental remediation.
Nanoparticles exhibit unique properties due to their size, shape, and surface area. One of the most notable properties is their high surface area to volume ratio. The larger the surface area, the greater the reactivity of the particle. As a result, nanoparticles can be highly reactive, and they can easily interact with their environment, including other particles, cells, and tissues. This property makes nanoparticles ideal for use in various fields, including drug delivery and catalysis.
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